ANATOMY INTRODUCTORY LECTURE Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed.

THE ABDOMEN There are several muscles contributing to the abdomen. Most of the abdominal muscles are thin sheet-like muscles with various directions of their muscle fibers. We can categorize the abdominal muscles into three categories: The anterior muscles are the rectus abdominis muscle and the pyramidalis muscle.

The back's function can be grouped into three aspects: support, movement, and protection The skeletal and muscular elements of the back support the body's weight, transmit forces through the pelvis to the lower limbs, carry and position the head, and brace and help maneuver the upper limbs.

An upper domed part (the calvaria), which covers the cranial cavity containing the brain, A base that consists of the floor of the cranial cavity, and A lower anterior part-the facial skeleton (viscerocranium). Nasion is the most anterior point of the frontonasal suture.

THE LOWER LIMB The gluteal region is a transitional region between the trunk and the free lower limbs on the posterior surface of the body. It spans from the iliac crest to the inferior gluteal skin fold. This region has no clear demarcation with the hip region.

THE PELVIS AND PERINEUM Pelvis is a part of the trunk inferior to the abdomen and is an area of transition between the trunk and the lower limbs. Pelvis consists of the pelvic cavity, its wall, and pelvic viscera. The pelvic cavity is the bottom-most part of the abdominopelvic cavity.

The thoracic cavity can be divided into some compartments: the right pulmonary compartment, the left pulmonary compartment, and the central compartment. Mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. Mediastinum is positioned between and completely separating the two lungs and containing all other thoracic structures.

THE UPPER LIMB As mentioned the bony framework of the pectoral girdle consists of three bones: the scapula, clavicle, and the proximal end of the humerus. It is surrounded by muscles on both its anterior (deep) and posterior (superficial) sides and thus does not articulate with the ribs of the thoracic cage.